Symbolic Interactionism In Sociology - 1560 Words

Part I The Functionalist theory emphasizes the contributions (functions) that all parts of society (e.g., social institutions) make within society. This theory has contributed to sociology by providing a view â€Å"which emphasizes the way in which the parts of a society are structured to maintain stability.† (Schafer 2013, pg13) The conflict perspective, or conflict theory, derives from the ideas of Karl Marx, who believed society is a dynamic entity constantly undergoing change driven by class conflict. Conflict theorists generally see social change as abrupt, even revolutionary, rather than incremental (https://courses.lumenlearning.com). Currently, the discipline of sociology accepts conflict theory as a valid way to gain insight into†¦show more content†¦http://guides.library.illinois.edu. Racial Injustice: NFL Protest According to an article written by the online magazine ProCon, NFL quarterback, Colin Kaepernick, first refused to stand during The Star-Spangled Banner on Aug. 26, 2016 to protest racial injustice and police brutality in the United States. www.Procon.org That stance, has since escalated, and become a nationally divisive social issue. What spark this protest? Is it aimed at the police or flag? Is it a legitimate social issue? The current debate over kneeling or sitting in protest during the national anthem to protest police brutality was ignited by Kaepernick in 2016, and later adopted by many other professional football players, high school athletes, and professional athletes in other sports, all who have refused to stand for the national anthem. These protests have created disagreement and sparked a public conversation race, police brutality, the flag and if the NFL is the best forum for to protest such issue. Colin Kaepernick has since said â€Å"he’s not protesting the flag but police brutality against African Americans. www.Procon.org Racial Injustice and police brutality is a huge subject that has been for decades. According to data released by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (2011), between 2003 and 2009 at least 4,813 people died in the process of being arrested by local police. Of the deaths classified as law enforcement homicides, 2,876 deaths occurred ofShow MoreRelatedSymbolic Interactionism And Sociology811 Words   |  4 PagesSociology is the study of the behaviour of people within society. It helps us to understand how society works and the impact of relationships and interactions between people and society. Sociology has different sociological perspectives for example symbolic interactionism and functionalism. Symbolic interactionism studies individuals and small groups within society and how they behave, interact and believe about how society is what it is. Symbolic Interactionism was created by Herbert Blumer. HeRead MoreSociology : Symbolic Interactionism, Functional, And Conflict Theory866 Words   |  4 PagesThere are three main theoretical perspectives in sociology: symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. These theories serve as an approach to the formulation and solution of social problems. Each theoretical perspective defines specific touch to the study, interpretation, and evaluation of social objects. Despite the fact that these theories use different approaches to research, all of them can be applied together to any aspects of a social life to better understand the natureRead MoreSociology : Deviance, Conflict, And Symbolic Interactionism Approach es941 Words   |  4 Pagessociably acceptable act in one culture can be seen as deviant in another culture it does not matter how large or small the act. Sociologist developed three theories to help explain deviance. Sociologists explored the functionalism, conflict, and symbolic interactionism approaches to deviance. Emile Durkheim studied deviance with the functionalism approach. Functionalism argues that each element of social structure helps maintain the stability of society (156). Durkheim actually viewed crime and delinquentRead MoreExample Of The Three Theoretical Perspectives Of Sociology1044 Words   |  5 Pages Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Nanesha Greathouse HCC Abstract This paper describes the three major theoretical perspectives in Sociology: symbolic interactionism, functionalism and conflict theory. Sociologists developed these theoretical perspectives to help explain the way individuals conduct themselves and to help us to gain a better understanding of the world around us. Throughout this paper, the reader will learn about each perspective and its origin as well as additionalRead MoreCritical Theory, Functionalism And Symbolic Interactionism Essay1351 Words   |  6 PagesIn sociology, there are three major theories; critical theory, functionalism and symbolic interactionism. These theories express the structure of society in which each theory looks at a different aspects of sociology. Sociologists apply these theories in the study of society, but it becomes difficult if only one theory is applied. For that one applied theory, would only look at the aspect to which it is confined to. To successfully study sociology all three theories must be applied together. CriticalRead MoreSociology : A Sociological Perspective896 Words   |  4 Pages According to the University of North Carolina, â€Å"Sociology is the study of human social relationships and institutions† (http://sociology.unc.edu/undergraduate-program/sociology-major/what-is-sociology/). Sociology is science practiced by everyone in the world, whether they realize it or not. It is not only an incredibly important social science but also a beautiful art to study how society works. Now, an educated sociologist will realize that there are different perspective to view the world throughRead MoreSymbolic Interactionism Theory and the Ground of Routine Activities: Ethnomethodology as Portrayed by Harold Garfinkel and Herbert Blumer681 Words   |  3 PagesSociology of Everyday Life Sociology is considered as the study of human social life in the context of individuals, groups, and societies. In fostering the various aspects of sociology, sociologists came up with various theories that expound of human relationships in their day-to-day activities. This essay aims at identifying the relationship existing between the symbolic interactionism theory and the ground of routine activities, ethnomethodology as portrayed by Harold Garfinkel and Herbert BlumerRead MoreThe Major Theories of Sociology Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolic Interactionism In the field of sociology, sociologists use many different theories to base their ideas and observations on; however, the three major theories that are used are symbolic interactionism, functional analysis, and conflict theory. It is these three theories that will be the focus of this paper. To begin with, we will start with symbolic interactionism. Charles Horton Cooley and George Herbert Mead developed symbolic interactionism. In order to understand what this theory isRead MoreSociology Essay1116 Words   |  5 Pages 9, 2012 Essay #1 According to, Datin Sitti Haishah Abd Rahman, â€Å"development of sociology took place in Europe during 18th and 19th centuries as the results: of a new industrial economy, the growth of cities, the political change, and a new awareness of society.† She adds that, â€Å"the term sociology was coined by a French social thinker Auguste Comte (1798-1857).† In the book, Thinking Sociology by Carl, sociology is defined as, â€Å"a science guided by the basic understanding that the social matters:Read MoreSymbolic Interactionism, By Herbert Mead And Charles Horton Cooley1512 Words   |  7 PagesSymbolic interactionism is one of the four major theoretical perspectives in sociology. It is particularly influential in microsociology, which makes this view of social behavior unique from the other three major perspectives that focus on large scale social organizations (Buccieri, September 11 2014). I believe symbolic interactionism is the most appropriate method for studying so ciology based on my experience with a brother with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The theory of socialization within symbolic

Autobiography of Peter Rackley Free Essays

I came into the world on the 15th of October nineteen-eighty nine at Queen Mary’s hospital at 9-17 in the evening. I weighed 5lb’s and 8 1/2 oz. My name is Peter Rackley and I got my name because of Greek meaning â€Å"Rock† and if you didn’t already know I’m half Greek, my Mum is from Cyprus. We will write a custom essay sample on Autobiography of Peter Rackley or any similar topic only for you Order Now In my immediately family I obviously have my Mum and Dad and my older brother, who just turned eighteen and my twin sister Natasha, who is four minutes older than me so I’m the youngest in the family. Before I started playschool I used to live in Plumsted, which I can’t remember at all and because of me being a twin we moved so we had a four bedroom house in Bexleyheath. Just after we moved I started at Pelham playschool. It was great, all day I would play with train sets and at break play on the tricycles around the playground. Those days were great, how did I know that in a few years time I would actually be working. Then I started St Thomas more primary school, I even remember a bit of the first day which was my Mum saying â€Å"Goodbye† and me getting into a strop about not leaving me but once I got inside I was fine. One of my first memories was shortly after playschool, it was in reception, when I got my first telling off, it’s still a bit vague, and all I can remember is writing water on a bit of paper wrong and the teacher started telling me off and the reason is that water was spelt in huge bubble writing on the wall. I used to go through primary school in a dream I wouldn’t take anything in so I was dumb. It was only in year five when I started working, that’s when we were put into sets, I was bottom for everything so my Mum got me a tutor and she was great, her name was Mrs Driscal and than with the help of her I moved forward into the top groups just into for the SATS which I got all fives in so that was good and I owe a lot of that to Mrs Driscal. My clearest and best memory of Primary school is the year six football team, we were great I think we only lost one game and we won the double (cup and league). We even played the final at my playschool. Since I’m on the subject of football I joined Kingfisher when I was five or six, I can’t remember, and have played there for most of my life but it didn’t work out, here’s what happened I broke my first metatarsal on my right foot playing in a school game and I was out for the season. Then when I came back kingfisher changed to Bromley F.C in the Kent league which is one higher than the one I was playing in(A), it is the highest standard I can be at my age, except for playing for a professional side. But this didn’t work for me because it was too quick I couldn’t play at that standard yet, I needed to take my time with getting fit again and so I moved to long lane who will be moving to the Kent next year. Before I started boring you with my football history I was talking about completing my SATS and the next step was for me to leave my primary school. Everyone has a leaving party where everyone can Say goodbye but I was already taking in the sun in Spain. Even though I would prefer to be in Spain it was still a night I wanted to go to. Then because my brother went to St Columba’s I went too. It was pretty nervous starting a new school but as soon as we started a lesson I liked it. We started with something I was good at, P.E and it was high jump with my most favourite P.E teacher, Mr Coker, shame he left. Secondary school has been good with the exceptions of starting coursework in year nine and studying Shakespeare. He may have been a great man but studying him and some of his plays where boring. And that’s my life so far. My future will hopefully go something like this; do extremely well in G.C.S.E’s and in 6th form I shall study for A levels especially P.E and get them then I don’t know exactly what I want to do but I might go sports collage and get a degree in sports/science and get a job from that, but not a P.E teacher, and it will be a high paid job and I will get married and have kids and that’s it, I hope you enjoyed reading this. How to cite Autobiography of Peter Rackley, Papers

DUDE MAN Essay Example For Students

DUDE MAN Essay The movie Friday is a comedy, but it also depicts many important social issues. The story is set in the city of Los Angelos, California, in what could be called a high class ghetto. The main theme of the movie is about a young black man who looses his job and is influenced by his best friend to smoke marijuana. The movie also shows the relationships of his family and other members of his neighborhood. With a zany cast of characters and a hilarious script this movie touches on everything from gang violence to the use of drugs, crime, guns, relationships, sex and life in the ghetto. Because of all these issues, I found this an interesting movie with a wide variety of topics to address. In the movie Friday, rap star Ice Cube plays the character Craig. Craig has never smoked marijuana. However, his best friend Smokey smokes marijuana everyday. Craig looses his job, leaving him home all day with nothing to do to occupy his time. He just hangs out in the neighborhood with his friends. Smok ey tries to convince Craig to try some marijuana. At first Craig doesnt want to. Smokey is persistent. He points out to Craig that he doesnt have to work and doesnt have anything better to . Craig and Smokey eventually sit on the front porch and get stoned. Peer pressure is obviously the only reason Craig gives in. Actually he had other options, but he chose not to use them. Common sense and a simple explanation would have worked for Craig just fine. Everyday we are faced with choices. It is up to us to decide whats right and wrong. Craig decides to try it and things start to happen that he really doesnt like. Craig and Smokey get into some trouble with the neighborhood dealer, Big Worm. Smokey sells pot for him, but cant pay him the money he owes because he and Craig smoked the pot. Big Worm threatens them and sends a gang of hoods after them with machine guns. They just barely escape and are scared shitless. Violence and crime are issues we hear about every day. We can watch any n ews broadcast and see the evidence of these increasingly worrisome problems. In Friday, both of these issues are very apparent. Debone, the neighborhood thief and bully is constantly harassing the people in Craigs neighborhood. He breaks into their homes, steals their possessions, beats people up to take their jewelry and other items and is just generally a pain in everyones ass. He is the most violent person in the movie Craig gets into a fight with him and pulls a gun on Debone. Craig feels confused and not sure what to do. His father convinces him to give him the gun. He insists that Craig should fight like a man with his fists. I dont think that was very good a choice. Debone was twice as big as Craig and probably 100 pounds heavier. They do fight and surprisingly Craig wins. You would think that most problems can be solved without violent acts. The reality is that sometimes, under certain circumstances, that just doesnt work. Obviously, this was one of those times. Sexual promi scuity was also depicted in this movie. Craigs neighbor has an affair with a preacher. His sisters friend sleeps around to get drugs. Smokey puts the moves on anything in a skirt. To so blatantly condone this kind of behavior is repulsive. With the rampant spread of the Aids virus and other sexually transmitted diseases anyone with common sense would know better than to behave in this manner. Unwanted pregnancies and the abortion rate or serious issues that should also be considered. Craig seemed to have a loving and supportive family. His dad was a real trip. His ideas about how to handle certain situations were a bit far-fetched, but he meant well. Because there was no indication of what age the kids in the movie were, its hard to comment on how the parents should have advised their kids. I do know that quite a few of the kids actions were questionable, even illegal. For example, if these kids were minors they would .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 , .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 .postImageUrl , .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 , .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3:hover , .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3:visited , .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3:active { border:0!important; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3:active , .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3 .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8d686eef43a4336278b11fe24d2606c3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Mafia Essay

Task Analysis Essay Example

Task Analysis Essay Law and Management in Occupational Health and Safety Patients in the Perioperative environment are often required to be repositioned on the operating table and most of these patients have had a regional or general anaesthetic, making it impossible for them (the patient) to assist staff in that repositioning. The added risk in any repositioning is loss or damage to the patients’ airway, and maintaining the patients’ musculoskeletal alignment, so as to not cause any damage to nerves, muscles, limbs, spine and or neck etc. The repositioning should be assessed to determine if it can be done manually or by some assistive devices. During the surgery it may be necessary to lift the patients’ legs, arms or head to prepare the area for sterile field draping, which may result in nursing or theatre support staff at risk of musculoskeletal injuries, and in situations where bariatric patients (over 100kgs) the manual handling staff may need limb holding devices. Prior to surgery, the anaesthetic nurse, anaesthetist, surgeon, theatre support technician or orderly should plan and collaborate regarding positioning, support and moving devices as well as the technique which will be utilised in the moving and repositioning of the patient – during and after the procedure when the patient will be transferred on to another bed for the post-operative recovery period. When transferring a patient from patient bed to operating table, it is important to have enough staff to assist with the transfer and to use the correctly placed support devices as well as using good body mechanics (ergonomic techniques). We will write a custom essay sample on Task Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Task Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Task Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When patients are obese it may be necessary to use soft gel straps to support the patients legs so that they do not move off the operating table and cause debilitating and painful nerve damage. This project is to develop a Safety Management Plan to implement a safe practical way to identify, assess and control risks in the Perioperative environment (Operating Theatre) specifically relating to the lateral transfer and or movement of patients requiring surgery at this hospital facility. Perioperative Manual Handling Safety Management Plan Perioperative Manual Handling Safety Management Plan Using the 5 step process in the Queensland Government risk assessment plan the following matrix is how the Perioperative unit could benefit from experienced, safety motivated and interested staff could act as agents for change and safety in a more deliberate and focussed way to reduce the hazard of musculoskeletal injuries to staff especially in the task of laterally transferring patients from the operating table to the postoperative bed. These patients are usually unconscious and unable to assist or communicate their needs and concerns at this time. Perioperative Safety Management – Risk Identification and Controls| Step 1| Look at the Hazard * Musculoskeletal disorders in nursing staff and orderlies when undertaking a lateral or horizontal transfer of unconscious patient from operating table to post-operative bed| How to look for HazardsKnowledge and Understanding Manual Handling Policies * Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001 * Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 * Workplace Health and Safety Regulation 2008 * Manual Handling Training especially regarding unconscious patients| What to look for * Practices that are causing discomfort either for the member of staff or patient * Practices that are likely to cause nerve or musculoskeletal injuries – shoulder, fingers, wrist, forearm, back, neck, sciatic nerve, knees, ankles| Step 2| Decide who might be harmed and how * Nursing Staff * Orderlies * Anaesthetists * Surgeons/Assistants * Recovery Staff | Assess the riskHow might someone b e harmed * Injury to patient when moving the unconscious patient from operating bed to recovery bed with a supported airway * Lateral or sideways movement requiring pushing, pulling and lifting of limbs by team members * The staff member who controls move not always in ‘sync’ with rest of team – uncoordinated transfer * Existing musculoskeletal disorders experienced by staff and patients| What is this harm? * Airway becoming dislodged * Back, Neck, arm, shoulder injury to staff using Manual Handling techniques and devices * Uncoordinated transfer * Sideways twisting for person holding feet during transferHow likely is this harm? According to the consequences/ likelihood matrix below * Injury to patient – likely/major consequences * Unplanned airway removal – likely/major to catastrophic * Musculoskeletal injury – likely/moderate to major * Exacerbating and worsening musculoskeletal disorders– likely/major to catastrophic (permanent loss of employment) * Team unpreparedness – likely/minor major| Step 3| Decide the control measures| Regulations ? * Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 * Workplace Health and Safety Regulation 2008Codes of Practice? * Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001What are existing controls? * Mater Operating Theatres Manual Handling Policies and Clinical Practices Manual * Manual Handling Training – Generic – needs to be targeted especially movement and care regarding unconscious patientsAre controls as high as possible? Current Manual Handling training stands at a compulsory slide sheet in-service lasting approximately 5 minutes every six months * In-service is generic and not specifically targeted to moving unconscious patients who are not able to follow instructions or cooperate with staff requests in this lateral move post operatively * Training needs to be comprehensive and developed with ergonomic and physical therapist input so that staff movement and body positioning minimises potential and foreseeable damage to limbs, nerves, shoulders and lower backs * Equipment needs be demonstrated in a non-clinical simulation before using on any patients to maximise the potential for team confidence and competence in the use of equipment – minimising harm in actual situations| Do controls protect everyone? * Controls at present minimise the importance of Manual handling techniques * Manual handling needs to have a higher profile in the unit so that it is possible to protect patients, staff and visiting surgeons and anaesthetists * Controls in place are in policy manuals, and highlighted at orientation (can be months after starting employment). * New staff are on the job immediately and therefore don’t have ‘training’ at the best and high est level of competency and developmentWhat additional controls are required? Higher profile on training by manual handling experts * Regular manual handling workshops and training groups in simulated situations = staff practice on other staff. * In-service and practical demonstrations to highlight the importance of correct posture for staff, correct lateral moving techniques and equipment for staff * Correct and helpful exercises that staff can do ‘on the run’ so that the manual handling tasks are done after staff are ‘warmed up’ * Weekly highlights on noticeboard on an important point regarding safe lifting, moving and back care for staff = many hospitals and aged care centres have excellent back injury prevention programs and are readily available at websites and search engine destinations. Step 4| Put Control measures in placeOHamp;S representative to Train and utilise staff who are Interested and experienced in Manual Handling of people| Developing a p lan for improving controlsTrain the Trainer programs for interested personnel not necessarily Registered Nurses (Enrolled Nurses with experience and interest)Train staff in the Incident Reporting Program and to build Staff confidence in using the software – when a hazard is reported or an injury – Staff need to be confident that it will be followed up and that negative consequences of hazard identification and reporting are not safe practices in the workplace | Improving controls * Making the Incident reporting program more user friendly and encourage staff to use the program and give timely feedback on statistics * Encourage staff to report all injuries and near misses so that the unit builds a culture of ‘safety is every ones business and responsibility’ * Make safety a priority and that means staff safety as well as patient safety – reward safety issues and hazard reporting * Encourage staff to come up with solutions to risks and hazard identifi cation – involve everyone| Step 5| Review the Controls * 3 monthly reviews of competencies and updating of training for any new staff * Staff surveys to indicate self- satisfaction of training and competencies| Are the controls working? * Feedback from Staff self-satisfaction surveys * Anecdotal feedback from workshops and training sessions * Improvement or decline – what would staff change or improve? | Are there any new Problems? * New staff training before actually moving a patient * Generic manual handling policies * Minimum lateral transfer equipment – slide sheet and patslide? Hovermat beds possible? * People not lifting feet when patslide positioned – heel damage or pain if patslide strikes patients heel or ankle? * Apathy, lack of interest and poor technique? | PURPOSE AND SCOPE of Safety Management Plan Mercy Health and Aged Care Central Queensland Limited (MHAACCQ, 2010) is committed to the provision of a place of work that is safe and without r isk to the health, safety and welfare of its employees, or any other person of our workplace We believe that * All injuries can be prevented * Working safely is a condition of employment * Employee involvement is essential * Management are ultimately accountable for safety Munn (2011) suggests that tasks performed in the perioperative environment may present a high risk to staff for musculoskeletal injuries relating to patient handling include * Transferring patients on and off operating tables ( in this case Lateral pushing and pulling of up to 180 kgs) * Repositioning patients on operating table ( this unit has weight limits on operating table 300 kgs) * Lifting and holding patients extremities – orthopaedic, cosmetic and general surgery * Standing for prolonged periods of time – scrub nurse has limited movement whilst scrubbed * Holding retractors for long periods of time – self retaining retractors not always suitable * Lifting and carrying equipment and supplies Pushing, pulling and moving equipment on wheels – endoscopic and microscopes Manual Handling is a major cause of injury in health care facilities. Manual handling regulations require a hazard identification, risk assessment and control approach. Obligations and the Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 The Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 imposes obligations on people at workplaces to ensure workplace health and safety. This is done when persons are free from the risk of death, injury or illness created by workplaces, relevant workplace areas, work activities or plant and substances for use at a workplace. Ensuring workplace health and safety involves identifying and managing exposure to the risks at your workplace. RESPONSIBILITIES Part 3, Division 2, Section 28 Obligations of persons conducting business or undertaking (1) A person (the relevant person) who conducts a business or undertaking has an obligation to ensure the workplace health and safety of the person, each of the person’s workers and any other persons is not affected by the conduct of the relevant person’s business or undertaking. (2) The obligation is discharged if the person, each of the person’s workers and any other persons are not exposed to ri sks to their health and safety arising out of the conduct of the relevant person’s business or undertaking. (3) The obligation applies— (a) whether or not the relevant person conducts the business or undertaking as an employer, self-employed person or otherwise; and (b) whether or not the business or undertaking is conducted for gain or reward†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Work Health and Safety Act 1995 (Qld) Part 3, Div 1, Section 26 (3) If a code of practice states a way of managing exposure to a risk, a person discharges the person’s workplace health and safety obligation for exposure to the risk only by— (a) adopting and following a stated way that manages exposure to the risk; or (b) doing all of the following— (i) adopting and following another way that gives the same level of protection against the risk; (ii) taking reasonable precautions; (iii) exercising proper diligence. † People handling activities and injury The most frequently injured body part s from people handling activities undertaken without assistance are the back, shoulders and wrist. People handling activities can contribute to a number of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMDs) including: a) Low Back Disorders (injuries to muscles, ligaments, inter-vertebral discs and other structures in the back). b) Tendon Disorders (injuries affecting the tendons in the wrist, and elbows particularly). c) Nerve Disorders (injuries affecting the wrist, neck and shoulder). d) Upper limb muscle strains (injuries affecting the rotator cuff* and forearm particularly). â€Å"WRMDs occur in two ways: gradual wear and tear (cumulative trauma) caused by frequent periods of muscular effort involving the same body parts, and sudden damage caused by nexpected movements, intense or strenuous activity, for example, when people being handled move suddenly or when the worker is handling a load beyond their capacity. Gradual wear and tear is the most common way WRMDs occur. Even when an injury seems to be caused by overload, the triggering event might just be the final trauma to tissu es already damaged by previous exposures to people handling and other manual activities. It is recommended that when a healthcare worker needs to lift more than 15. 3 kilos of patient weight, lifting aids should be used. The lateral transfer of a patient from one surface to another, such as from operating table to patients bed, poses a risk to staff for developing musculoskeletal disorders. Some general guiding principles pertaining to the transfer of a patient to an operating table are: * The number of staff involved in a transfer is needed to be sufficient based on the patients weight, and to ensure that ALL extremities are supported and the patients alignment and airway are maintained * The lateral transfer device needs to support the whole length of the patients body * The are where the patient is being transferred to needs to be slightly lower * When a patient is being transferred from supine (on back) to prone (on front) the support equipment (such as pillows or spine table need to be utilised in the transfer * Mechanical devices such as Hover Mat air assisted mattress transfer devices have been devised to assist in the safe transfer of Perioperative patients† Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001, Qld. â€Å" Section 27A Managing exposure to risks (1) To properly manage exposure to risks, a person must— (a) identify ha zards; and (b) assess risks that may result because of the hazards; and (c) decide on appropriate control measures to prevent, or minimise the level of, the risks; and (d) implement control measures; and e) monitor and review the effectiveness of the measures. (2) To properly manage exposure to risks, a person should consider the appropriateness of control measures in the following order— (a) eliminating the hazard or preventing the risk; (b) if eliminating the hazard or preventing the risk is not possible, minimising the risk by measures that must be considered in the following order— (i) substituting the hazard giving rise to the risk with a hazard giving rise to a lesser risk; (ii) isolating the hazard giving rise to the risk from anyone who may be at risk; (iii) minimising the risk by engineering means; (iv) applying administrative measures; (v) using personal protective equipment. 9 Without limiting section 28, discharging an obligation under the section includes, having regard to the circumstances of any particular case, doing all of the following— (a) providing and maintaining a safe and healthy work environment; (b) providing and maintaining safe plant; (c) ensuring the safe use, handling, storage and transport of substances; (d) ensuring safe systems of work; (e) providing information, instruction, training and supervision to ensure health and safety. † Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995, Qld Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001 The People Handling Code of Practice states ways to prevent or minimise exposure to risk due to the handling of people that can cause or aggravate work related musculoskeletal disorders. It applies to any workplace activity requiring the use of force by a person to hold, support, transfer (lift, lower, carry, push, pull, slide), or restrain another person at a workplace. This code outlines practical ways in which a person to whom this code applies can meet the requirements of the Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995. Guidance on the broad area of manual tasks in all its forms, including the moving of equipment used for handling people, is provided in the Manual Tasks Code of Practice. What is â€Å"people handling†? People handling refers to any workplace activity where a person is physically moved, supported or restrained at a workplace. Specifically, people handling refers to workplace activities requiring the use of force exerted by a worker* to hold, support, transfer* (lift, lower, carry, push, pull, slide), or restrain* a person* at a workplace. * Exacerbating and worsening musculoskeletal disorders– likely/major to catastrophic (permanent loss of employment) * Team unpreparedness – likely/minor major * http://www. noweco. com/risk/risk04e. gif All people handling activities are a potential source of injury and therefore, a hazard. If you undertake people handling at your workplace, you should use a process to manage the risks associated with this hazard People handling is often only one part of a theatre nurses job. If other parts of the nurses job also involve manual handling of other loads, it is necessary to assess the whole job and manage the risks associated with undertaking those activities which add to the accumulative stress on the worker’s body. 1. People handling activities is a collective term for a group of related people handling tasks. 2. People handling tasks are the specific ‘pieces’ of work undertaken at the workplace, which involve the physical movement of a person. 3. People handling actions are the individual elements of the task and refer to movements which are undertaken. † Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001, Qld. Common work-related actions within people handling tasks which contribute to WRMDs include: * frequent and repetitive lifting with a bent and/or twisted back regardless of weight * static working positions with the back bent, for example, holding a limb during a surgical procedure or providing stability while a person stands â€Å" Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001, Qld. Risk factors To gain a greater understanding of the relationship between people handling activities and injury, it is useful to consider the ‘risk factors’ which influence the level of risk associated with undertaking people handling tasks. These risk factors can be grouped into two distinct categories: * direct risk factors – which directly stress/injure the worker’s body * contributing risk factors and modifying risk factors which affect how the task or action is done. There are three direct risk factors: * forceful exertion * working postures (awkward, static) * repetition and duration. The risk management process Under the Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 (the Act), exposure to health and safety risks that arise from workplace hazards (such as people handling) must be managed. The Act places this responsibility for workplace health and safety upon certain people (such as relevant persons and persons in control of workplaces) Risk management is an ongoing process. It should be undertaken: * now, if it has not been undertaken before * when changes occur at, or are planned for, the workplace * when there are indications for potential injury * after an incident (or ‘near miss’) occurs * at regularly scheduled times appropriate to the workplace. The steps below illustrate the application of the risk management process to managing exposure to the risks associated with people handling. Identification The first step in the process of managing exposure to people handling risks is identification. This step involves identifying people handling tasks, actions within each task, direct risk factors, and, contributing and modifying risk factors The first part of identification is to make a list of those tasks undertaken at the workplace that involve handling people. 1. Consult with workers and observe the tasks. 2. Make a list of all the people handling tasks. 3. Make a list of the actions within each of these tasks 4. For each action, determine which of the direct risk factors are present. 5. For each action, identify the contributing and modifying factors Assessment Assessment involves determining the level of risk associated with each of the people handling actions identified. The desired outcome of the assessment step is a prioritised list of people handling actions requiring control. Further, when more than one people handling task is assessed, then the overall risk estimate for the task can be used to develop a prioritised list of tasks requiring control. Consult with workers throughout this process to assist with determining the level of risk associated with each of the people handling actions and the priority of each task. 1. Consult with the workers. 2. Determine the level of risk associated with each action 3. Prioritise actions for control. In order to prioritise the people handling actions, the risk associated with performing each action should be assessed. It is up to the assessor how this assessment is done. The assessor can choose any method of risk assessment as long as a prioritised list of actions is achieved. A way of assessing risk is to consider the likelihood and consequences of an incident occurring at the workplace. Likelihood – of an incident occurring at the workplace * To estimate the likelihood of an incident occurring at the workplace, the following aspects can be considered: * how often the action is undertaken the number of workers performing the same or a similar action * the duration of time that the action is performed * distractions * the effectiveness of existing control measures * capacity and characteristics of the workers * environment * availability and use of equipment * condition of equipment * injury data/history6. Consequences – of an incident occurring at the workplace To estimate consequences, the severity of a potential injury or illness that could result from performing a people handling action can be considered. Reference can also be made to injury records and statistics, and information on injuries from people handling in related industries for an indication of the potential severity of injury. Use this likelihood and consequence estimate to rank and then, list the people handling actions requiring control. The decision is then made that for some actions, for example, those for which it is very unlikely that an incident would occur and for which the consequences are minor, may not require control. A summary of the assessment process Consult with workers: * Estimate the likelihood of an incident occurring at the workplace. * Estimate the consequences of an incident occurring at the workplace * List the people handling actions in the order of they require control. Questions to ask: * What do the workers think? * What is the likelihood and potential severity of injury associated with each action? * What should be fixed? What should be fixed first? Control Risk control strategies involve: * making decisions about the best measure(s) to control exposure to the contributing and modifying risks identified * implementing the chosen controls. Consultation with workers is an importan t part of this process. Design controls involve the arrangement, or alteration of: * physical aspects of the work area such as equipment or furniture/fittings, or * the work procedure. * Design controls are preferred because they * can eliminate or at least minimise exposure to risk factors * have the advantage of being relatively permanent (compared with administrative controls). For these reasons, implement design controls wherever possible. Administrative controls are achieved primarily by modifying existing personnel arrangements. Administrative controls do not remove the root cause of potential problems. These controls can only reduce exposure to the risk of injury. They might also be forgotten or not followed under stressful or other conditions as they are behaviour based, for example coping with staff reduction It includes consideration of factors such as – * the work postures required to carry out the action, how often it is repeated and for how long. Provide mechani cal aids where appropriate given the sterile environment in the perioperative unit – Hovermats are elpful in reducing the load of manual handling – but these are prohibitively expensive and require as many people to move patient safely as any other method Task-specific training Training in work methods for specific tasks or actions helps workers to carry out these tasks/actions in a safe and effective way. * Controls should not create other risks – the solutions should not result in a transfer of risk, for example, incorrect use of a handling aid, such as a transfer sheet can create forceful exertions on the workers forearm Although all the manual handling issues in the Perioperative are beyond this papers’ parameters, at least this area of patient care should be lifted to a much higher profile from a management, safety and a professional longevity perspective. Low back pain has been described as one of the main occupational problems among healthcare workers and nurses frequently have the highest incidence (Karahan, Kav, Abbasoglu amp; Dogan,2008) What is needed is a consistent, determined and educated effort on the part of the unit manager, nurse educator and occupational health and safety team to implement a program that will drive the manual handling of people to the forefront of safety practices in the unit – where bariatric patients (more than 100kgs) are becoming the norm rather than the exception, across all age groups and gender. Hospital and other care facilities have not generally been designed with the movement of bariatric patients in mind. ( Safework Australia, 2009). It is assumed largely by practicing nurses in the perioperative unit that new staff that join the team have some background in manual handling. Many students report that they have little to no manual handling training, other than hands on with another marginally more experienced nurse directing their work task, this is not a satisfactory or safe method of training – either for the nurse or the patient. Much more emphasis must be directed at the pre-employment and career development process in the safe development and competent use of manual handling techniques of vulnerable, often otherwise well patients who have mostly elective surgery for non- life threatening procedures. As the patient advocate, it is the nurses responsibility to ensure a safe passage through the perioperative journey.

The Miller introduces the character of Absolon Essays

The Miller introduces the character of Absolon Essays The Miller introduces the character of Absolon Paper The Miller introduces the character of Absolon Paper In the Millers Prologue and tale, Chaucer describes each character in great detail. The Miller is also graphically described to us in the general prologue to the tales. Key characters such as Alisoun, Nicholas and John are all described in detail, and Absolon is no acceptation.  This section is important as it introduces and describes Absolon. He is introduced by a lengthy detailed description. We learn he has many talents such that he can play songes on a small rubbile and song som time a loud quinible. However, although this lengthy section does describe Absolon, it has far more significance than just introducing him to the tale, he is characterised as the satirised courtly lover; a deliberate device used by Chaucer in his bawdy fabliau.  Firstly, Chaucer depicts Absolon as attractive but with a feminine slant. To some this may be attractive, but to Alisoun, it certainly isnt. His hair is described; Crul was his heer, and as the gold it shoon. We also learn he eyes were as greye as goos and that he has Poules window corven on his shoos. This description is important because he is described similar to a courtly lover. Clearly, he is ridiculous and fails as the ideal courtly lover, which lies at the heart of Chaucers deliberate use of satire. There are some elements of Absolons character that fit the ideals of courtly love, although he is still an object of satire, such as his appearance but there are also other aspects of his character in this section that clearly dont conform to those of a courtly lover.  In the section, we find out that Absolon takes an interest in women, however his interaction with them doesnt match that of a courtly lover, again highlighting Chaucers important use of satire in this section and throughout the tale. When we learn that In al the toun nas bewhous ne taverne that he ne visited with his solas, there any gailard tappester was we can establish that this wouldnt be typical behaviour of a courtly lover. The ideal courtly lover would woo their lady by charm and by worshiping her; they would appreciate that she is a lofty creature, worthy to be served. This is further demonstrated when we are told that Absolon abuses what authority he has within the church. When we read that to look on hire him thoughte a mirie lyf it could be suggested that Absolon isnt prepared to go any further than simply gaze at her. In a way, this could be true of a courtly lover as Absolon could be said to be showing respect to the lady. However, this could also be for another reason; that he is squeamish towards bodily functions; again, the satirised courtly lover as a true courtly lover wouldnt have been that feminine. Conversely, in the next two lines we read that if she hadde been a mous, and he a cat, he wolde hire hente anon. Whilst this shows some reference to gratifying Absolons sexual desires, Chaucer lacks to write in the same detail as he does when he writes about Nicholas satisfying his sexual desires. When Nicholas is wooing Alisoun, his language is far more vivid and descript, this is clear when he caughte hire by the queynte. This contrast is important in the section because it again demonstrates that Absolon is hopeless. Although it is hard for Nicholas to be described as a courtly lover, he is getting far more female attention than Absolon, who could be described as conforming to the rules of courtly love more closely than Nicholas. This again, could be suggested that Chaucer is using satire in this rather subtle point, and possibly foregrounding the unrealistic nature of courtly love. A few lines later Chaucer reveals that Absolon took noon offringe from Alisoun because For curteisie, he seide, he wolde noon. This translates to Absolon not taking offerings from Alisoun because good manners forbade it. Here, Chaucer uses good manners as an excuse for Alisoun not paying the church and the only reason she doesnt pay is because of how Absolon feels about her. It could be said that Chaucer simply writes about good manners and courtesy to protect himself, as it could have a deeper meaning. It could be suggested that Chaucer is making a point about the church, and even using it as an object of satire through Absolon. It could be said that the idea of courtly love and wooing a woman is placed before the church, as in this case, courtly love and wooing has defeated and come before the church. Therefore, it could be said that he is showing a certain weakness in the church and religion, and that courtly love or the power of woman triumphs over the church. As highlighted previously, Chaucer possibly puts this in a very subtle way to protect his own identity in real society. It could then be suggested that this mirrors that of the context of the tale. On the pilgrimage, society as a whole would have been represented. There would have been religious figures such as the priest and the nun, and less religious figures such as the Miller and the Shipman. By making his point subtle, it would ensure there would be no objections at the end of the tale. Ultimately this is what happens, the pilgrims show the opposite to objections and in fact all laugh. This cuts across social boundaries and brings the pilgimrs together as one community.  Therefore, in this sense the section describing Absolon is highly important, and even central to the Millers prologue and tale. Chaucer uses it as a springboard to explore many wider issues that avail in society, such as the satire of the courtly lover and the possibly criticism of the church.

Biography of Sarah Grimké, Antislavery Feminist

Biography of Sarah Grimkà ©, Antislavery Feminist Sarah Moore Grimkà © (November 26, 1792–December 23, 1873) was the elder of two sisters working against slavery and for womens rights. Sarah and Angelina Grimkà © were also known for their first-hand knowledge of slavery as members of a South Carolina slaveholding family, and for their experience with being criticized as women for speaking publicly. Fast Fact: Sarah Moore Grimkà © Known For: Pre-Civil War abolitionist who also fought for womens rightsAlso Known As: Sarah Moore Grimkà ©Born: November 26, 1792 in Charleston, South CarolinaParents: Mary Smith Grimke, John Faucheraud GrimkeDied: December 23, 1873 in BostonPublished Works: Epistle to the Clergy of the Southern States (1836), Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Women  (1837). The pieces were first published in Massachusetts-based abolitionist publications The Spectator and The Liberator, and later as a book.Notable Quote: I ask no favors for my sex, I surrender not our claim to equality. All I ask of our brethren is that they will take their feet from off our necks, and permit us to stand upright on the ground which God has designed us to occupy. Early Life Sarah Moore Grimkà © was born in Charleston, South Carolina on November 26, 1792, as the sixth child of Mary Smith Grimke and John Faucheraud Grimke. Mary Smith Grimke was the daughter of a wealthy South Carolina family. John Grimke, an Oxford-educated judge  who had been a captain in the Continental Army in the American Revolution, had been elected to South Carolinas House of Representatives.  In his service as a judge, he served as the chief justice for the state. The family lived during summers in Charleston and the rest of the year on their Beaufort plantation. The plantation had once grown rice, but with the invention of the cotton gin, the family turned to cotton as the main crop. The family owned many slaves who worked in the fields and in the house. Sarah, like all her siblings, had a nursemaid who was a slave and also had a companion, a slave her own age who was her special servant and playmate. Sarahs companion died when Sarah was 8, and she refused to have another one assigned to her. Sarah saw her older brother Thomas- six years her elder and the second-born of the siblings- as a role model who followed their father into law, politics, and social reform. Sarah argued politics and other topics with her brothers at home and studied from Thomas lessons. When Thomas went away to Yale Law School, Sarah gave up her dream of equal education. Another brother,  Frederick  Grimkà ©, also graduated from Yale University, and then moved to Ohio and became a judge there. Angelina Grimkà © The year after Thomas left, Sarahs sister Angelina was born. Angelina was the 14th child in the family; three had not survived infancy. Sarah, then 13, convinced her parents to permit her to be Angelinas godmother, and Sarah became like a second mother to her youngest sibling. Sarah, who taught Bible lessons at church, was caught and punished for teaching a maid to read- and the maid was whipped. After that experience, Sarah did not teach reading to any of the other slaves. Angelina, who was able to attend a girls school for daughters of the elite, was also horrified at the sight of whip marks on a slave boy she saw at school. Sarah was the one who comforted her sister after the experience. Northern Exposure When Sarah was 26, Judge Grimkà © traveled to Philadelphia and then to the Atlantic seashore to try to recover his health. Sarah accompanied him on this trip and cared for her father. When the attempt at a cure failed and he died, she stayed in Philadelphia for several more months. All told, she spent nearly a full year away from the South. This long exposure to Northern culture was a turning point for Sarah Grimkà ©. In Philadelphia on her own, Sarah encountered Quakers- members of the Society of Friends. She read books by the Quaker leader John Woolman and considered joining this group that opposed slavery and included women in leadership roles, but first she wanted to return home. Sarah returned to Charleston, and in less than a month she moved back to Philadelphia, intending it to be a permanent relocation. Her mother opposed her move. In Philadelphia, Sarah joined the Society of Friends and began to wear simple Quaker clothing. Sarah Grimke returned again in 1827 for a short visit to her family in Charleston. By this time, Angelina was in charge of caring for their mother and managing the household. Angelina decided to become a Quaker like Sarah, thinking she could convert others around Charleston. By 1829, Angelina had given up on converting others in the South to the anti-slavery cause, so she joined Sarah in Philadelphia. The sisters pursued their own education- and found that they did not have the support of their church or society. Sarah gave up her hope of becoming a clergy person and Angelina gave up her dream of studying at Catherine Beechers school. Antislavery Efforts Following these changes in their lives, Sarah and Angelina got involved with the abolitionist movement, which moved beyond the American Colonization Society. The sisters joined the American Anti-Slavery Society soon after its 1830 founding. They also became active in an organization working to boycott food produced with slave labor. On Aug. 30, 1835, Angelina wrote to abolitionist leader William Lloyd Garrison of her interest in the antislavery effort, including mention of what shed learned from her first-hand knowledge of slavery. Without her permission, Garrison published the letter, and Angelina found herself famous (and for some, infamous). The letter was widely reprinted. Their Quaker meeting was hesitant about supporting immediate emancipation, as the abolitionists did, and was also not supportive of women speaking out in public. So in 1836, the sisters moved to Rhode Island where Quakers were more accepting of their activism. That year, Angelina published her track, An Appeal to the Christian Women of the South, arguing for their support to end slavery through the force of persuasion. Sarah wrote An Epistle to the Clergy of the Southern States, in which she confronted and argued against the typical Biblical arguments used to justify slavery. Both publications argued against slavery on strong Christian grounds. Sarah followed that with An Address to Free Colored Americans. Speaking Tour The publication of those two works led to many invitations to speak. Sarah and Angelina toured for 23 weeks in 1837, using their own money and visiting 67 cities. Sarah was to speak to the Massachusetts Legislature on abolition; she became ill and Angelina spoke for her. Also that year, Angelina wrote her Appeal to the Women of the Nominally Free States, and the two sisters spoke before the Anti-Slavery Convention of American Women. Womens Rights Congregational ministers in Massachusetts denounced the sisters for speaking before assemblies including males and for questioning mens interpretation of Scripture. The epistle from the ministers was published by Garrison in 1838. Inspired by the criticism of women speaking publicly which was directed against the sisters, Sarah came out for womens rights. She published Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Women. In this work, Sarah Grimke advocated for both a continued domestic role for women and the ability to speak out about public issues. Angelina gave a speech in Philadelphia before a group that included women and men. A mob, angry about this violation of the cultural taboo of women speaking before such mixed groups, attacked the building, and the building was burned down the next day. Theodore Weld and Family Life In 1838, Angelina married Theodore Dwight Weld, another abolitionist and lecturer, before an interracial group of friends and acquaintances. Because Weld was not a Quaker, Angelina was voted out (expelled) of their Quaker meeting; Sarah was also voted out because she had attended the wedding. Sarah moved with Angelina and Theodore to a New Jersey farm and they focused on Angelinas three children, the first of whom was born in 1839, for some years. Other reformers, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and her husband, stayed with them at times. The three supported themselves by taking in boarders and opening a boarding school. Later Years and Death After the Civil War, Sarah remained active in the womens rights movement. By 1868, Sarah, Angelina, and Theodore were all serving as officers of the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association. On March 7, 1870, the sisters deliberately flouted the suffrage laws by voting along with 42 others. Sarah remained active in the suffrage movement until her death in Boston in 1873. Legacy Sarah and her sister continued to write letters of support to other activists on womens and slavery issues for the rest of their lives. (Angelina died just a few years after her sister, on Oct. 26, 1879.) Sarah Grimkà ©s longest epistle, Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and the Condition of Women, had a profound effect on the womens rights movement because it is considered the first developed public argument for womens equality in the U.S. Generations of advocates would take up the mantle of womens rights in later years- from Susan B. Anthony to Betty Friedan, who were both considered pioneers in the fight for womens suffrage and feminism- but Grimkà © was the very first to give full throat, in public fashion, to the argument that women should have equal rights with men. Sources â€Å"Abolitionist Newspapers.†Ã‚  Gale Library of Daily Life: Slavery in America, Encyclopedia.com, 2019.â€Å"Grimke Sisters.†Ã‚  National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior.â€Å"Sarah Moore Grimkà ©.†Ã‚  National Womens History Museum.ï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬Å"Sarah Moore Grimke Quote.†Ã‚  AZquotes.com.

My experience on censorship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

My experience on censorship - Essay Example We did not care to ascertain the age limit of the movie. The security officers at the entrance were equally more concerned with the security details than verifying the details of the moviegoers. Nevertheless, they reserved the verification of personal details to the end of the first episode. At the end of the first episode, the security men sought to verify our personal details by asking for our identification cards. My friend produced his identification card and got a clearance. When my turn came, the security agent could not believe that a sixteen year old is watching a movie rated eighteen years and above. The security agent was actually very furious that I had breached the rules of the theatre by entering the theatre well knowing that I had not acquired the required age. My attempts to explain that I had not seen the age requirement landed on deaf ears. My friend watched in disbelief and the audience caught the scene with amazement as the security agent manhandled me. The security agent whisked me out of the theatre to the security cabin where he locked me up in readiness for resultant punishment. It was the greatest shock of my life as nobody dared come to my support. Later on, the management of the movie theatre sought to explain to me the various rules applicable in a movie theatre and the attached punishments and fines on defaulters. Playing audience to the movies relevant to one’s age was one of the rules that attracted heavy penalties upon defaulting. Security agents treat ignorance to this rule with equal wrath. The management expects the audience to brief themselves with the relevant terms and conditions pertaining to a given movie with no omissions and total strictness. This act of censorship caused me to think objectively of censorship. The stringent measures put in place to ensure compliance to the set rules proved effective for censorship. The need to seek

The National Girls and Women in Sports Day Term Paper

The National Girls and Women in Sports Day - Term Paper Example The fact that LSUS has only a single mens sport, being baseball, means that proportionally it would only need one to two womens sports. This would mean that the interest in other sports besides perhaps the top two—basketball and softball—would have to be dismissed. Adding two sports would create enough opportunity for sports participation for the sixty three percent of the student body that is made up of female students, without a difficult strain on funding. This would both be proportional as well as catering to the interest of the female student body. The National Girls and Women in Sports Day (NGWSD) is a day celebrating the participation and achievement of women in sports, and is celebrated across the United States. It began in 1987, a year after the death of Olympic volleyball player Flo Hyman. Hyman died of Marfans Syndrome while playing in a volleyball tournament in Japan in 1986, and in her memorial the national day of recognition and celebration has carried on until the present day. The theme for the 2011 National Girls and Women in Sports Day is â€Å"Title IX at 40: In it for the Long Run†. The day was celebrated on February 1st, 2011.NGWSD is sponsored by the Girl Scouts of America, Girls Inc., the National Womens Law Center, and the Womens Sports Foundation. The organization sponsors and hosts a variety of events around the country, including conventions, workshops, conferences and competitions. It also encourages involvement through donations, organizing local events, and participation in events on a national scale. The early years of the history of the National Association for Women and Girls in Sport (NAWGS) were defined by the formation of a committee that sought to standardize the rules of womens basketball. This committee was formed after Alice Foster of Oberlin College read a paper in 1899 proposing such action. In 1901 these rules were established under the American Association

Drugs and Society Essay Example for Free

Drugs and Society Essay 1b. List and describe briefly the major structures of the brain, as presented in your textbook, including the function of those elements that are most related to psychoactive drug reaction. The first layer of the brain is the cortex which covers the top and sides of the brain. This area controls reasoning and language, and this area will be less active when under sedative drugs. The basal ganglia are located underneath the cortex and it is made up of by the striatum. The striatum controls muscle tone and is part of the dopamine pathway which is a potential transport highway for psychoactive drugs. The hypothalamus is at the base of the brain and serves as liaison between the brain and pituitary gland. The pituitary hormonal output is involved in behaviors such as feeding and temperature regulation. The limbic system affects emotion, location memory, and physical activity. Along the brain stem are the medulla, midbrain, and pons from which contain the bulk of neurons that create dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. The lower brain stem controls vomiting and respiratory functions. If affected, the respiratory function can be suppressed by drugs. 1c. Describe the life cycle of a typical neurotransmitter. A cell membrane with the uptake of a particular precursor absorbs amino acids to create a neurotransmitter. The amino acids undergo synthesis with a reaction with enzymes to become a neurotransmitter. Once created, the neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles until they are released into the synapse. Once released, the neurotransmitters will attempt to attach to the membrane of neurons. If the neurotransmitter does not make it to the neuron, then it will either absorb in the originating cell or be metabolized within the synapse. 2b. Differentiate between drug disposition tolerance, behavioral tolerance, and pharmacodynamics tolerance, and provide reasons why these concepts should be taken into account when determining the effects of a drug. Drug disposition tolerance is defined as the increase of the drug’s rate of metabolism or removal. The user may increase the amount of a drug taken due to the drug being metabolized too quickly or being removed from the body. A person may compensate their behavior when exposed to a drug overtime such as learning to drive while intoxicated. The impairment is reduced and this is known as behavioral tolerance. Pharmacodynamics tolerance is the main contributor to the need to increase the dosage of a drug in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms. The user does not feel the same effects of a dosage so the dosage must be increased in order to get the same feeling. 2d. Provide several specific personal and societal steps you would recommend in an effort to reduce the likelihood of adverse reactions to drugs taken in combination. The largest deficit that can be produced to avoid adverse reactions to drug taken in combination is to avoid doing it all such as alcohol and other depressants. Individuals that need to take multiple medications such as person with diabetes and high blood pressure need to be carefully monitored and educated on the effects of the medications individually and the effects of the medications when combined. 3b. Explain the basic rationale and theoretical foundations for the extensive use of amphetamine in the treatment of ADHD (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder). ADHD individuals have deficits involved with the functions of executive control within the brain. This control center affects concentration, hyperactivity, and learning. Amphetamines have been shown to produce a calming effect upon the individual from the amphetamines ability to increase brain catecholamine activity whereas ADHD individuals suffer from catecholamine deficits in the prefrontal cortex. 3c. Provide your personal viewpoint on major concerns about ADHD diagnoses and the efficacy of drug treatments that have led to recent controversy. The basis of diagnoses of ADHD has not been fully researched due to any widely accepted knowledge as to why stimulants are effective in treating hyperactivity. The causes of ADHD are still not thoroughly understood. There have also been non-stimulant drugs that have been shown to be just as effective as stimulants such as Strattera and Atomoxetine. I believe that ADHD itself is a complicated issue that requires multiple points of attack such as the use of stimulant and non-stimulant drugs. What may work on one individual may not work on another. 4a. Provide evidence of your understanding of the ways in which time course events of barbiturate and benzodiazepine actions contribute to the onset of psychological and/or physical dependence. Barbiturate are fast acting drugs that may work within fifteen minutes and stay in the system for up to three hours. Due to the rapid activity of the barbiturates, they serve as a strong reinforcement to users due to the drug produced a desired effect quickly and leaving the body just as quickly. Benzodiazepine takes longer to initialize, but also stay in the body for up to ten hours. Barbiturates are taken in higher doses more rapidly, while Benzodiazepine is taken at lower does. Withdrawal symptoms of barbiturates from chronic symptoms are severe due to the rapidness the drug leaves the user’s body without the user’s body being able to adapt to the drug adequately. 4b. Describe the key functions of GABA (g-aminobutryic acid) in producing the effects of various sedative-hypnotic agents, with specific reference to benzodiazepines. GABA is a neurotransmitter that is found in CNS areas and deals with inhibitory functions. Benzodiazepine molecules are strongly attracted to the GABA receptor sites and when bound to the GABA receptor, the Benzodiazepine molecules will increase the inhibitory effects of GABA on the receptors.

Corporate Accountability CRP :: essays research papers

Philosophy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Corporate Accountability   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Corporate accountability is an important subject in today’s society, in reading â€Å"Corporate Culpability Under the Federal Sentencing Guidelines,† by Jennifer Moore it is obvious that she feels very strongly that corporations are not being held accountable for their actions. Jennifer argues that employees are often blamed for their actions, but are simply complying with their job. This is very insightful, and I find it very hard to disagree with her logic.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She starts her argument by rejecting the idea that â€Å"it is sometimes difficult to locate the specific corporate agents responsible for a criminal act (171).† The rejection is not meant to infer that it is always easy to find the person at blame, but simply that this point has to do with prosecutors evidence and not the philosophical issue. Jennifer believes that because responsibility is spread throughout many different areas in the corporation, and decisions follow the same path, â€Å"there may in fact be no individual or group of individuals that is â€Å"justly to blame† for the crime (171).† The idea that many of us notice everyday, in many cases we as employees act blindly in accordance with policy, not exerting any control over the situations, and can therefore not be held accountable. In this respect the corporation is to be held accountable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From my viewpoint, while I represent the company during work hours, and the company reaps the benefits of my good nature, they should also bear the responsibility of my actions. If I treat a customer rudely, the customer treats that as an indication of my character, and a reflection on the company. When a person enters employment with a certain company, that company is accepting responsibility for actions taken by the employee that are in accordance with company policy. The corporation should be held responsible by the government, while the corporation should hold it’s own employees responsible for their own actions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In response to the idea of a corporate responsibility, not an individual’s, many argue that if the corporation is not a person, how can it be held to the same moral guidelines as an individual? After all, don’t people make the decisions, and those same people make up the corporations, and should therefore be held accountable. This theory does not exclude the possibility of upper management being held responsible; rather it includes it for the sake of the company’s survival.

Re likes to keep his players fit Essay

My main sources of data are the Internet and books. The website I am mainly using is http://www. ais. org. au/nutrition/FuelLeague. htm I have chosen this website because it give me a lot of information of diet and nutrition for rugby players, which is what my project is on. I have also been given a lot of my information from Mr Fitzpatrick about what he would like in the presentation as he is my user and I am doing the presentation for him. Also so I have used diets from official rugby players websites to add to my presentation. Validation explained. I think the data is valid because it is an official website and is updated regularly. The nutrition plans on it are also used by professional players as it states on the website. Some of the best rugby players in the world also use the nutrition plans, such as Keith wood and others. Also the information I collect from Mr Fitzpatrick is valid because he is my user and knows what he wants in the PowerPoint presentation. Also to stop my user from getting on slides that he doesn’t want to be on I have switched off slide transition. Data manipulation explained. During the presentation I intend to show rugby players how they can improve their fitness and diet on a screen. I intend to flick between slides with the click of a mouse but if I were going to let my end user perform the slide show I would have hyperlink slides. So it is easier to navigate around the slides. This would also make the slide show easier to work out for the presenter of the show. Alternative forms of output considered I have discussed that I could also put the presentation to a file or a disk to give to the rugby players and they watch it by themselves on their home computer. Also I could have printed it out into handout form and handed one each to all of the players. The presentation could be put on the school-shared network and all the players have to look it up by themselves in their own time and read it. Appropriate choices made and justified I have chosen the correct application package because it will be better for the presentation and it will be easier than you using any other applications. That is was I think anyway. I also think it is the right package because it will also be easy for the teachers to work. The project could not be printed out in hand out form because the paper may be lost of something may be spilled on them therefore making it impossible for the receiver to use it. If it is put on the shared network the players would have to go look it up in their spare time and most players would not use their spare time to look at it. If it is put on a disk for the players too look at it at home some of the players may not have a home computer therefore making it impossible for them too look st the presentation. Appropriate back up explained I am going to keep the extra copies of my project on my school server. And if I save onto the school server that straightaway backs it up so I can’t loose it. The user could make several copies of the presentation some on floppy disk and some on disk and they could be kept in a safe place so if one copy is lost they have always got a spare one to refer to. Appropriate security explained For security I could password protect my work so I and the teacher who I am doing the project for can only access it. It is also saved on a secure network so none of my colleagues can access the project. Also the network is backed up every night and that means that there will always be to copies of my project. Initial designs adequate and justified I handed my user all slides in a handout format and asked him to evaluate them all and write down any changes he wanted. He made several changes to my slides and I acted upon all these and corrected them all, as he wanted them. User interview recorded and acted on I asked many questions in my interview with my user and acted upon all his answers in the correct manner. The interview was done on a piece of paper with questions on and I had my user fit in the blank spaces with his answers. The interview is added on a piece of paper. Evidence of user feedback on designs On sheets attached Final design described in detail All the way through the presentation I used the font verdana and all the way through I have also used the same colour background so some of them don’t look odd compared to the rest of them. But there is one exception to that which is the opening slide where it is a picture of Hymers playing in a game of rugby. Also on every slide there is a hyperlink to another page and there is also a picture on ever slide during the presentation. Top down system diagram On paper attached Full and effective test plan devised On paper attached Validation checks tested To stop my user from going on slides that he doesn’t want to be on by clicking in the wrong place on the slide I have switched off slide transition, this stops the user from clicking on the background and it taking him to a slide where he doesn’t want to be. Annotated hardcopy of implementation On paper attached Annotated hardcopy of test plan. On paper attached Have all errors been corrected After carrying out my test plan fully and effectively I have found that I have no errors that need to be corrected but if any do occur later on I will write then on at the end. Original objectives fully evaluated 1. He asked for movies such as fitness techniques such as star jumps and press-ups, which I added several of. 2. Every 8-10 slides will have pictures on but I put a picture on every slide. 3. He also asked me to research and suggest fitness plans and healthy eating plans so I added 3 healthy eating plans. 4. I also added colourful designs, which my user added I did this by using a blue and white background on every slide. 5. I also used a picture of the Hymers first team playing rugby on the opening page. Written evidence of user acceptance On paper attached Comments critical and relevant Further enhancements for the future I could add more slides to the presentation and maybe change the colour of some slides as the same colour on every slide may look a bit boring. I could also use some different pictures as some of them are a bit blared on some of the slides.

Hang It Up Essay

Should students bring electronic devices to school? Some people agree with that, and some others are not; opinions are widely divided. In the article â€Å"Hang It Up,† by Jesse Scaccia, students who have electronic devices in class can affect their performance. Scaccia gives us a couple of examples. First, children have cellphones are distracted. Also, the reason children want to take cellphones to school is that cells make them look cool. Lastly, some parents say that they need to keep in touch with their children for an emergency. I strongly agree with the author when he states that cell phone use distracts students’ attention. First, I believe that cell phone use in class is distractions because it may cause children fail the class and not having a bright future. Most people do not have self-control, especially children. As the author mentions, â€Å"students fail is because of distractions in the classroom.† Children take cells will be distracted in classroom; by the end of semester, they will get low grade or fail the class because they do not have enough knowledge. After several of failures, students will put themselves become bad students, so a bad student may not go to college; it directly affects their future. However, if students do not have electronic devices distract them, they will learn more in class, and it will affect them in a positive future. Also, the bad habits will formed when children use cell phone since they are young. Children have electronic devices may develop bad habit which is disrespectful to others. For example, my friend and I ate at a restaurant last week. There was a couple sitting next to us, the boy was sitting there and playing with his cellphone, and had no conversation with his girlfriend, even his girlfriend complained to him. So, his bad habit probably formed when he was young. Otherwise, if he could put his cellphone away and talk to his girlfriend, that could be a nice dinner for them. As you can see, children take electronic devices to class is not only affect their grade in school; but also affects their habits in the future, and have a good habits is your first step towards success.

Free Essays on Poverty And Middleclass

Budgets It is amazing how a few thousand dollars can make such a huge difference in people’s lives. Looking at both budget sheets you can easily tell the difference in lifestyle between the two. It was very hard figuring out a budget sheet for the Blue Family because cuts had to be made in important parts of the budget sheet that people need, like personal things. On the other hand the Whites budget sheet was very easy to fill out. They had plenty of income and you could make their living very comfortable. The Whites budget sheet was very easy to look over and make suggestions for. Do to the income the whites bring in, they live most comfortably. They are the type of family that has no worries by the end of the month because the have plenty of money saved away for emergencies. You can make an assumption that the white’s house hold is very laid back and happy. For the most part when families don’t have to deal with the stress of not having enough money they are usually a happier family. When families have to dill with financial problems they usually have a lot of problems like Divorces, fights, children selling drugs, and bankruptcy. â€Å" One out of four children in the United States (23%) are being raised in single parent families due to financial problems† (Institute for Children and Poverty). The Blue family is looking at an up hill battle with their budget. Their financial situation is not a good on. With the amount of income the blue family brings in they are not living comfortably. A lot of the thing this family will have to go without. But what is most important unlike the White family the Blue families’ children will have to go without a lot of thing children should receive. They will not be able to go shopping and by name brand cloths. Also they won’t be able to go to the movies or by magazines. This is going to cause problems for them socially when they go to school or out in public. With the amount of ... Free Essays on Poverty And Middleclass Free Essays on Poverty And Middleclass Budgets It is amazing how a few thousand dollars can make such a huge difference in people’s lives. Looking at both budget sheets you can easily tell the difference in lifestyle between the two. It was very hard figuring out a budget sheet for the Blue Family because cuts had to be made in important parts of the budget sheet that people need, like personal things. On the other hand the Whites budget sheet was very easy to fill out. They had plenty of income and you could make their living very comfortable. The Whites budget sheet was very easy to look over and make suggestions for. Do to the income the whites bring in, they live most comfortably. They are the type of family that has no worries by the end of the month because the have plenty of money saved away for emergencies. You can make an assumption that the white’s house hold is very laid back and happy. For the most part when families don’t have to deal with the stress of not having enough money they are usually a happier family. When families have to dill with financial problems they usually have a lot of problems like Divorces, fights, children selling drugs, and bankruptcy. â€Å" One out of four children in the United States (23%) are being raised in single parent families due to financial problems† (Institute for Children and Poverty). The Blue family is looking at an up hill battle with their budget. Their financial situation is not a good on. With the amount of income the blue family brings in they are not living comfortably. A lot of the thing this family will have to go without. But what is most important unlike the White family the Blue families’ children will have to go without a lot of thing children should receive. They will not be able to go shopping and by name brand cloths. Also they won’t be able to go to the movies or by magazines. This is going to cause problems for them socially when they go to school or out in public. With the amount of ...

Relative Density Definition in Chemistry

Relative Density Definition in Chemistry Relative density (RD) is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of water. It is also known as specific gravity (SG). Because it is a ratio, relative density or specific gravity is a unitless value. If its value is less than 1, then the substance is less dense than water and would float. If relative density is exactly 1, the density is the same as water. If RD is greater than 1, the density is greater than that of water and the substance would sink. Examples The relative density of pure water at 4 C is 1.The relative density of balsa wood is 0.2. Balsa is lighter than water and floats on it.The relative density of iron is 7.87. Iron is heavier than water and sinks. Calculation When determining relative density, the temperature and pressure of the sample and reference should be specified. Usually the pressure is 1 am or 101.325 Pa. The basic formula for RD or SG is: RD Ï substance / Ï reference If a difference reference is not identified, it may be assumed to be water at 4  °C. Instruments used to measure relative density include hydrometers and pycnometers. In addition, digital density meters may be used, based on a variety of principles.

Additional Reading #2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Additional Reading #2 - Assignment Example ction of an important good thereby leading to a problem whereby no one pays for the good and thus no one gets it despite the product having a higher value compared to the expenses that would be incurred in its production. However, in real sense, the world is never rigid since there are many individuals who are not perfectly selfish thus making it possible to charge consumers for part of the benefit they enjoy. This is because not every individual act or behave in the same way thereby causing variations and differences. Thus, the small percentage of individuals that does not conform to the group behavior brings the small benefit. However, the small benefit constitutes the externality causing underproduction and not the non-existence of a product (Harris, 34). It is of crucial significance to note that there are several forms of externalities. In relation to this, it is important to highlight that externalities may always have several effects. Some of the effects of the externalities may be beneficial (Harris, 68). However, it is of critical to note that some externalities have negative effects on the parties involved. In connection to the above case, it is of critical significance to note that whatever the effects of externalities on the surrounding environments, there are several factors to which such effects are based. Externalities that result to positive influences in the lives of people, as well as, to their surrounding are closely associated with positive externalities (Harris, 73). However, it is prudent to acknowledge the fact that externalities that are associated with bad or negative impacts on the lives of human beings, as well as their surroundings are results of negative externalities. Based on the above, it is of critical s ignificance to know some of the examples of externalities. In addition, it is prudent to understand the nature as well as effects associated with each form of externality. In relation to this, it is prudent to note that one of the